Creencias y prácticas pedagógicas en prevención de los docentes fiscales de Guayaquil frente al problema de las drogas

Abstract

In Latin American societies, the drug problem has increased (OEA, 2013). Their presence in public elementary and high schools is gradually increasing, and thus, the challenge to counter it become larger (Zamorano-Cabrera, 2014). This article seeks to identify the beliefs and teaching practices in prevention of fiscal teachers against the drug problem. The interest to understand the teaching beliefs and practices in Guayaquil-Ecuador lean on the exponential growth of synthetic drugs in schools, and the almost non-existent literature corpus on the drug problem in Latin America. Through a quantitative approach, that takes into account an exploratory-descriptive-relational research design, this study works with a non-probabilistic sample of 102 teachers from two schools defined by the Ministry of Education as priority. The research design responds to a two-headed need: (1) contributing by a contextualization of the drug problem in public schools, and on the other, (2) generate new and more information regarding the drug problem. The profile of the teachers is heterogeneous. Findings rely on educational and training deficits that respondents have in preventing the use, possession and micro-drug trafficking among students. Teachers claim to have a high degree of participation in prevention, but to appear without major procedural planning leading to an experience of new proposals. The necessity for a study that inquires and deepens on pedagogical practices (in the classroom) is evident. Secondly, there are answers that make it possible to envisage eventual participations that lack a planned work with objectives. In the third instance, the wide majority of teachers need an empowerment of the complex reality that young people live. When carrying out the analysis of pedagogical practices it can be perceived that the involvement of teacher-students is low, because 50% participate occasionally in the elaboration and design of prevention activities.